One of the most important inventions and revolutionary impact on modern communication was the invention of the telephone. The idea behind a simple telephone system, which converts sound into electrical impulses in the range of different frequencies, and then reverse this procedure to the media again, usually the human voice. It sounds simple, but it took many years, and a different picture to finally succeed with the inventors of the technology to be.Demonstrated in the spring of 1831, Michael Faraday, that vibrations of metal could be converted into electrical impulses. This is the basic principle of the phone but no one of the technology until 1861, when the German inventor Johann Reis managed to find the audio device into electricity and back to the building. Camera has many shortcomings, not capable of transmitting multiple frequencies, and thus never fully developed.
The idea was to experiment by two people in the United States, which began at the same time and create what is known as the phone, developed. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of Scotland), both of which are working hard to produce materials, and rightly ask a patent within hours of each other, Bell hit his opponent with just two hours 14th February 1876.
Although the strengthening of the diaphragm first Gray / receiving electromagnetic two years earlier, he was not able to work to produce versions of the transmitter until after Bell. Bell has been working hard, while Gray was frustrated by the tedious process of discovery.
First, understand that the phone would be between Bell and his assistant, who are placed in another room. Bell said: "Come here Watson, I want you," Watson was able to hear over the phone and ended the phone discovery. Formed Bell Telephone Company (AT & T) and was immediately in the major phone companies have.
The following year, in 1877 became the first telecommunications system in Hartford, Connecticut, during the first exchange that connects the two cities was established between Boston and New York in 1883. London hosted the first exchange is conducted outside the United States in 1879. But the system was when the exchange is dominated by large operators with a number of operators who manually switching to the invitation.
Patented the first automatic exchange of Almon Strowger in 1891 and planted in 1892, although the manual switchboards remained until the middle of the twentieth century. In 1889, William Gray has a coin-operated telephone and mobile phone manufactures in the first round of the French, Antoine Barnay in 1923 found.
Bell Telephone Company and developed a mobile phone from a police car in New York in 1924. The first commercial mobile was founded in 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri, has but for the next four decades.
System sounds, audio, instead of electrical impulses, installed in 1941, but the need to move the center to have the idea of doing much, but the Bell companies want the potential of the work of this show. When an electrical circuit, lower prices, would show the system can be used in ordinary households, which took place in 1962.
AT & T began experiments with cells of mobile technologies, mainly based on hexagonal geographical regions. Although the call from one cell to another, the communication link remain intact, automatically switching to the new cell without interference. This is the basis for developing cell phone technology in the United States in 1983.
The discovery of the phone is recognized a hot topic in the circle of the inventor and the inventor is less clear. Many believe that Alexander Graham Bell, while others believe that Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis and Elisha Gray.
