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Sholat Jama' dan Qashar

2012-01-30T05:50:00.000-08:00

Apa dasar hukum dibolehkan seseorang mengqashar sholat ?

Jawaban ;

Dasar-dasar hukum seseorang boleh mengqashar sholat adalah sebagai berikut :

1- Firman Allah swt :

وَإِذَا ضَرَبْتُمْ فِي الأَرْضِ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَن تَقْصُرُواْ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَن يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُواْ إِنَّ الْكَافِرِينَ كَانُواْ لَكُمْ عَدُوًّا مُّبِينًا

“ Dan apabila kamu bepergian di muka bumi, Maka tidaklah mengapa kamu men-qashar sembahyang(mu), jika kamu takut diserang orang-orang kafir. Sesungguhnya orang-orang kafir itu adalah musuh yang nyata bagimu.” ( Qs An Nisa : 101 )

2- Hadist Abdullah bin Umar r.a bahwasanya ia berkata :

صحبت رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - فكان لا يزيد فى السفر على ركعتين ، وأبا بكر وعمر وعثمان كذلك - رضى الله عنهم .

“ Aku pernah menemani Rosulullah saw dalam perjalanannya dan beliau tidak pernah mengerjakan sholat lebih dari dua reka’at. Demikian juga yang dilakukan oleh Abu Bakar, Umar dan Ustman r.a . “ ( HR Bukhari dan Muslim )

3- Hadist Aisyah r.a bahwasanya ia berkata :

الصلاة أول ما فرضت ركعتين فأقرت صلاة السفر ، وأتمت صلاة الحضر .

“ Ketika sholat pertama kali diwajibkan adalah dua reka’at, lalu dua reka’aat tersebut ditetapkan sebagai sholat safar, dan disempurnakan ( menjadi empat reka’at ) untuk sholat orang yang sedang muqim . “ ( HR Bukhari dan Muslim )

4- Hadist Ibnu Abbas r.a bahwasanya ia berkata :

إن الله فرض الصلاة على لسان نبيكم -صلى الله عليه وسلم- على المسافر ركعتين وعلى المقيم أربعا وفى الخوف ركعة

“ Allah swt telah mewajibkan sholat melalui lisan Nabi kalian ketika bermuqim empat reka’at, dan ketika dalam perjalanan dua reka’at, dan ketika dalam peperangan satu reka’at. “ ( HR Muslim )

Jarak berapa kilo, seseorang dibolehkan untuk mengqashar sholat ?

Jawaban :

Para ulama berbeda pendapat di dalam menentukan batas jarak perjalanan yang dibolehkan bagi seseorang untuk meng-qashar sholat. Sebagian dari mereka menyatakan bahwa jaraknya adalah jarak perjalanan tiga hari, sebagian yang lain mengatakan dua hari perjalanan, sebagian yang lain mengatakan satu hari satu malam. Tetapi pendapat yang insya Allah mendekati kebenaran adalah bahwa dalam masalah ini tidak ada batasan jarak tertentu, yang penting seseorang melakukan suatu perjalanan yang membutuhkan perbekalan, maka dibolehkan baginya untuk meng-qashar sholat.

Namun untuk kehati-hatian, tidaklah mengapa seseorang menggunakan batasan jarak yang dinyatakan oleh mayoritas ulama, yaitu batas jarak 85 km.

Ketika seseorang diserang migrain yang perlu makan obat dan tidur sedangkan waktu shalat sudah tiba, manakah yang patut dilakukan? Menangguhkan shalat dan qadha’ ketika bangun waktu malam atau memaksakan diri untuk shalat?

Jawaban :

Hal ini tergantung pada keadaannya, jika waktu sholat tiba, ia masih mampu melaksanakan sholat dengan baik, maka hendaknya dia segera melakukan sholat. Namun ketika datang waktu sholat, dia dalam keadaan lemas dan kurang mampu untuk mengerjakan sholat dengan baik, maka sebaiknya istirahat dulu. Dalilnya adalah sabda Rasulullah saw :

لا صلاة بحضرة الطعام ولا وهو يدافعه الأخبثان

”Tidak boleh shalat ketika dihidangkan makanan dan tidak juga dalam keadaan menahan berak dan kencing” (HR. Muslim)

Hadist di atas menunjukkan untuk menghilangkan dahulu apa-apa yang akan mengganggu kekhusukan sholat, termasuk di dalamnya capai dan lemas, maka dianjurkan untuk istirahat dulu, karena akan mengurangi kekhusukan.

Hal ini dikuatkan dengan hadist Aisyah ra, bahwasanya ia berkata :

عن عائشة أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم قال : إذا نعس أحدكم وهو يصلي فليرقدن حتى يذهب عنه النوم فإن أحدكم إذا صلى وهو ناعس لا يدري لعله يستغفر فيسب نفسه

“ Bahwasanya Rasulullah bersabda,”Jika salah seorang dari kalian sedang mengantuk dalam keadaan hendak shalat maka hendaknya tidur dulu hingga hilang rasa kantuk, karena jika seorang dari kalian shalat dalam keadaan mengantuk, maka dia tidak sadar barangkali dia hendak beristigfar ternyata mencaci dirinya sendiri” ( HR Bukhari dan Muslim )

Ketika keadaan sudah membaik, maka hendaknya segera mengerjakan sholat, dan tidak boleh diundur-undur hingga waktu sholat terlewati. Ketika ia mengerjakan sholat pada waktunya, walaupun di akhir waktu, tidaklah disebut mengqadha' sholat. Karena yang disebut meng-qadha' sholat adalah apabila waktu sholat sudah habis dan terlewati, kemudian dia mengerjakan sholat tersebut di luar waktunya.

Setiap hari senin sampai jum'at saya naik bus umum dengan jarak tempuh +/- 90 km. Biasanya saya naik setelah Ashar & sampai di tempat setelah Isya. Bagaimana dengan sholat magrib saya, dijamak atau sholat diatas bus ?

Jawaban :

Jarak tempuh 90 km adalah jarak yang dibolehkan seseorang untuk menjama' dan meng-qashar sholat, oleh karenanya sebaiknya sholat maghribnya dijamak dengan sholat Isya'. Karena Rosulullah saw ketika dalam perjalanan tidak pernah melakukan sholat wajib di atas kendaraan, sebagaimana yang terdapat dalam hadist Jabir bin Abdullah ra, bahwasanya ia berkata :

كان رسول الله صلّي الله عليه وسلّم يصلي علي راحلته حيث توجهت فإذا أراد الفريضة نزل فاستقبل القبلة

Rasulullah sallallaahu 'alaihi wasallam pernah mengerjakan sholat diatas kendaraannya dengan menghadap kearah yang dituju. Dan jika hendak menunaikan shalat wajib, beliau turun dan menghadap kearah kiblat. (HR. Bukhori)

Menjamak shalat Zuhur dengan Ashar ketika kegiatan outbond, apakah boleh dilakukan?

Jawaban :

Kegiatan Outbond bukanlah salah satu hal yang membolehkan seseorang menjama' sholat, kecuali kalau kegiatan tersebut diadakan di luar kota atau di tempat jauh yang untuk menempuhnya memerlukan safar dan bekal. Akan tetapi jika kegiatan Outbond itu dilakukan di dekat tempat tinggalnya, maka dia harus melakukan setiap sholat pada waktunya.

Hampir setiap jumat saya pulang kampung setelah sholat jumat di kantor. Yang jadi pertanyaan ialah bolehkah sholat ashar saya jamak setelah sholat jumat karena pasti tidak keburu untuk dikerjakan di rumah. Kalau bisa, bagaimana caranya?

Jawaban :

Seseorang dibolehkan menjamak sholat Jum'at dengan 'Ashar jika memang dia dalam perjalanan, dengan syarat bahwa sholat Jum'atnya dikerjakan setelah waktu Dhuhur masuk. Adapun caranya adalah setelah selesai sholat Jum'at bersama imam, maka dia berdiri mengumandangkan iqamah dan dilanjutkan dengan sholat 'Ashar dua reka'at.

Istri saya seorang Bidan Desa dan ditempatkan di daerah yang jauh dari tempat saya bertugas. Kami memutuskan untuk tinggal sementar (kurang lebih 3 tahun) di desa tersebut. Apakah saya masih di kategorikan musafir yang boleh menjamak shalat karena saya tidak berencana untuk menetap selamanya di desa tersebut? Adakah batasan seseorang masih dianggap musafir dan boleh menjamak shalat?

Jawaban :

Seseorang jika berniat untuk tinggal di suatu tempat selama 3 tahun, dan membawa semua keperluan hidup di tempat tersebut, maka dikatakan bahwa dia bermukim, sehingga dia tidak boleh menjama' sholat.

Niat dalam hal ini tidak bisa dijadikan ukuran, bisa saja orang tidak berniat tinggal di suatu tempat selama-lamanya,tetapi dalam prakteknya dia tinggal di tempat tersebut sampai puluhan tahun lamanya.

Jadi yang menjadi ukuran mukim dan musafir adalah penilaian masyarakat setempat, ditambah dengan adanya indikasi-indikasi lainnya seperti kalau dia mendatangkan barang-barang untuk keperluan sehari-hari secara permanent, seperti tempat tidur, lemari, mesin cuci, ember dan seterusnya. Karena kebiasaan orang musafir adalah tidak mau repot-repot dengan barang-barang tersebut, karena dia hanya tinggal sementara.

Bagaimana hukum terus menerus menjamak sholat lima waktu karena lingkungan kerja tidak memungkinkan untuk melaksanakan sholat pada waktunya?

Jawaban :

Hendaknya dia berusaha sekuat mungkin untuk mencari pekerjaan yang memungkinkan baginya untuk bisa melakukan sholat wajib pada waktunya. Suatu pekerjaan yang menghalangi seseorang secara terus menerus untuk melakukan sholat pada waktunya adalah pekerjaan yang tidak membawa berkah dan tidak diridhoi oleh Allah swt.

Jadi menjamak sholat sifatnya hanya sementara saja dan dia hanya rukhsah ( keringanan ), sehingga tidak boleh dilakukan secara terus- menerus. Jika hal itu karena kondisi tertentu, maka dia dituntut untuk berusaha sekuat mungkin untuk merubah kondisi darurat tersebut menjadi kondisi yang normal lagi.

Saya berniat menjamak shalat Duhur dan Ashar. Ketika sampai ditujuan, saya mendapati jamaah shalat Ashar. Apakah saya harus shalat duhur dulu ataukah saya ikut makmum shalat Ashar kemudian baru shalat shalat Duhur?

Jawaban :

Anda mempunyai beberapa pilihan diantaranya :

Pertama : Mengikuti imam dengan niat sholat Dhuhur, setelah salam, maka dilanjutkan dengan mengerjakan sholat 'Ashar.

Kedua : Mengikuti Imam dengan niat sholat 'Ashar, setelah salam, dilanjutkan dengan mengerjakan sholat Dhuhur.

Ketiga : Mengikuti Imam dengan niat sholat sunnah, setelah salam, dilanjutkan dengan sholat Dhuhur dan 'Ashar dengan dijamak.

Saya pernah mendengar bahwa Rasulullah pernah menjamak shalat karena hujan. Hujan yang bagaimanakah yang membuat kita boleh menjamak shalat?

Jawaban :

Hujan yang membolehkan seseorang menjamak antara dua sholat adalah hujan lebat atau hujan yang disertai angin dan petir, atau hujan yang mengakibatkan jalanan jadi becek dan sulit untuk dilalui,atau hujan yang bisa membasahi pakaian.

Adapun hujan gerimis atau hujan rintik-rintik yang tidak membasahai pakaian dan tidak menyusahkan orang pergi ke masjid, maka tidak boleh menjamak dua sholat karenanya.

Haruskah kita mengqashar shalat ketika dalam perjalanan? Bolehkah kita hanya menjamak saja?

Jawaban :

Mengqashar dan menjama' sholat adalah keringanan yang diberikan Allah kepada hamba-Nya, keringanan tersebut bagaikan sebuah hadiah. Dan hamba Allah yang baik adalah yang jika diberi hadiah, dia akan menerimanya. Ini sesuai dengan hadist :

عن ابن عمر قال قال رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- إن الله يحب أن تؤتى رخصه كما يكره أن تؤتىعصيته

“Dari Ibnu Umar berkata : “Rasulullah saw bersabda : “Sesungguhnya Allah suka jika keringanan yang Dia berikan dimanfaatkan sebagaimana Dia tidak suka kemaksiatan kepada-Nya dilakukan” (Hadist Hasan Riwayat Ahmad dan Ibnu khuzaimah )

Oleh karena itu, sebaiknya ketika kita dalam perjalanan adalah menjamak dan mengqashar sholat sekaligus. Walaupun boleh saja bagi seseorang untuk menjama' saja tanpa mengqasharnya, atau mengqashar sholat tanpa menjama'nya, tapi kedua-duanya tidak afdhal.

Bolehkah menjamak shalat sebelum bepergian? Misalnya saya akan pergi setelah Maghrib, bolehkah shalat Maghrib langsung dijamak dengan Isya?

Jawaban :

Seseorang yang hendak bepergian tidak dibolehkan untuk menjamak antara dua sholat sampai dia meninggalkan tempat tinggalnya. Bahkan sebagian ulama menyatakan dia tidak boleh menjamak sholat sehingga dia telah meninggalkan kampung halamannya, dan salah satu batasnya adalah sudah tidak terlihat lagi akhir bangunan dikampungnya. Dalilnya adalah hadist Anas ra :

عن أنس - رضى الله عنه - قال صليت الظهر مع النبى - صلى الله عليه وسلم - بالمدينة أربعا ، وبذى الحليفة ركعتين

“Dari Anas ra berkata : “Aku pernah menunaikan shalat dzuhur empat rakaat bersama Nabi saw di Madinah dan dua rakaat di Dzulhulifah” (HR. Bukhari dan Muslim )

Hadist di atas menunjukkan bahwa Rasulullah saw tidak mengqashar sholat ketika masih di Madinah, padahal beliau sudah berniat melakukan perjalanan ke Mekkah. Setelah beliau meninggalkan kota Madinah dan sampai di Dzulhalifah, beliau baru mengqashar sholat.

Haruskah shalat jamak mathor (menjamak shalat karena hujan) dilakukan di masjid jami, bolehkah di tempat seperti basecamp atau di rumah bersama keluarga?

Jawaban :

Menjamak sholat karena hujan hanyalah diterapkan pada sholat jama'ah di masjid atau di tempat-tempat yang biasa dipakai untuk sholat jama'ah. Hal itu dimaksudkan agar para jama'ah tidak perlu repot-repot pulang dan balik lagi ke masjid untuk menghadiri sholat jam'ah berikutnya dalam keadaan hujan lebat, yang kadang diiringi dengan petir atau banyaknya lumpur di jalanan.

Dan ini tidak dialami oleh seseorang yang berada di rumah bersama keluarganya. Oleh karena itu, menjamak sholat karena hujan di dalam rumah bersama keluarga hukumnya tidak boleh, karena alasan dibolehkannya menjamak dua sholat di masjid karena hujan tidak terdapat di dalam rumah.

Ada hadits yang menjelaskan bahwa Nabi pernah menjamak shalat tanpa sebab, bagaimana praktiknya sekarang?

Jawaban :

Hadist yang dimaksud adalah hadist Ibnu Abbas ra, :

عن ابن عباس قال جمع رسول الله -صلى الله عليه وسلم- بين الظهر والعصر والمغرب والعشاء بالمدينة فى غير خوف ولا مطر. فى حديث وكيع قال قلت لابن عباس لم فعل ذلك قال كى لا يحرج أمته

Dari Ibnu Abbas ra, dia berkata : “Rasulullah menjamak shalat Zhuhur dan 'Ashar serta shalat Maghrib dan 'Isya' di Madinah tanpa adanya rasa takut dan tidak juga hujan” dan dalam hadis Waki’ berkata : “Saya bertanya Ibnu Abbas, kenapa beliau demikian itu?” Dia menjawab : “Agar umatnya tidak merasa berat” (HR. Muslim)

Para ulama masih berbeda pendapat tentang maksud dari hadist di atas, tetapi yang jelas, kita tidak dianjurkan untuk menjamak sholat tanpa ada sebab, kecuali dalam masalah yang benar-benar darurat, seperti ketika melakukan operasi, jika ditinggal untuk sholat akan menyebabkan kematian pasien. Begitu juga sebagian ulama membolehkan bagi yang menderita sakit berat untuk menjamak sholat.

Ketika hujan turun pada saat shalat berjamaah di masjid, manakah yang lebih baik antara menjamak shalat dan tidak?

Jawaban :

Ketika turun hujan pada sholat berjama'ah di masjid, jika hujannya deras, maka sebaiknya imam menjama’ sholat. Hal ini berdasarkan beberapa atsar sahabat diantaranya adalah sebagai berikut :

1/ Dari Nafi', " Abdullah bin 'Umar ra, jika para umara' menjamak shalat Maghrib dan 'Isya' karena alasan hujan, dia pun ikut menjamak bersama mereka” (Hadist Shahih Riwayat Baihaqi )

2/ Dari Hisyam bin Urwah: "Ayahnya, Urwah, Sa'id bin Musyyab, dan Abu Bakar bin 'Abdurrahman bin al-harits bin Hisyam bin Mughairah al-Makhzumi, mereka semua pernah manjamak shalat Maghrib dan 'Isya' pada suatu malam yang diguyur hujan. Mereka menjamak kedua shalat dan tidak ada yag mengingkari hal tersebut." (Hadist Shahih Riwayat Baihaqi )

3/ Dari Musa bin 'Uqbah : 'Umar bin 'Abdul 'Aziz pernah manjamak shalat Maghrib dan 'Isya' jika turun hujan. Bahwasannya Sa'id bin Musayyab, Urwah bib Zubair, Abu Bakar bin Abdurrahman, dan para syaikh pada zaman itu pernah mengerjakan sholat bersama mereka dan tidak ada yang mengingkari hal tersebut." (Hadist Shahih Riwayat Baihaqi )

Akan tetapi jika hujannya hanya rintik-rintik dan tidak membasahi baju, dan jalan tidak becek, maka sebaiknya tidak dijama’.

Saya pulang dari perjalanan pada saat jamaah sedang shalat Isya padahal saya belum shalat Magrib, bolehkah saya shalat Isya bersama imam kemudian shalat tiga rakaat Magrib? Atau bagaimanakah solusinya karena jumlah rakaat keduanya berbeda.

Jawaban :

Anda mempunyai mempunyai beberapa pilihan :

Pertama : Anda mengerjakan sholat bersama imam dengan niat mengerjakan sholat sunnah, kemudian setelah sholat selesai, barulah dia mengerjakan sholat maghrib dan Isya' dengan dijamak.

Kedua : Anda ikut bersama imam dengan niat sholat Isya’, setelah selesai, barulah anda mengerjakan sholat maghrib.

Ketiga : Anda mengerjakan sholat bersama imam dengan niat sholat maghrib, ketika imam berdiri pada reka’at keempat, maka anda tidak boleh ikut berdiri, tetapi tetap duduk untuk bertasyahud sambil menunggu imam bertasyahud, kemudian mengucapkan salam setelah imam mengucapkan salam. Setelah itu anda bangkit dan mengumandangkan iqamat untuk melakukan sholat Isya'.

Saya seorang ibu yang memiliki anak bayi. Bolehkah berhenti shalat ketika bayi saya menangis dan meneruskan shalat sambil menggendong bayi saya? Kalau tidak boleh bagaimana seharusnya? Beri saya solusi.

Jawaban :

Dalam hal ini, anda harus melihat keadaan tangisan bayi, jika hanya biasa saja dan bahkan kadang berhenti serta tidak berbahaya, maka anda tidak boleh membatalkan sholat, hanya saja anda memperingan sholat, supaya bisa segera mengurusi bayi. Dalilnya adalah firman Allah swt :

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَلَا تُبْطِلُوا أَعْمَالَكُمْ

“ Hai orang-orang yang beriman, taatilah Allah dan taatilah Rasul dan janganlah kamu merusakkan (pahala) amal-amalmu” ( Qs Muhammad : 33 )

Tetapi jika tangisan bayi kencang dan nampaknya tidak bisa berhenti, mungkin karena haus atau sebab-sebab lain yang berbahaya, maka anda bisa menggendong bayi tersebut sambil sholat, maka hal itu lebih baik bagi anda. Akan tetapi jika bayi tersebut tetap saja menangis dan membutuhkan penanganan khusus, maka dibolehkan bagi anda untuk membatalkan sholat demi kemaslahatan dan keselamatan bayi tersebut.

Fantastic Baseball Trophies

2012-01-05T22:34:00.000-08:00

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Al-Mar'u Ma'a Man Ahabba

2012-01-05T22:28:00.000-08:00

Nikmat Persahabatan Karena Allah

(ditulis oleh: Al-Ustadz Abdurrahman Mubarak)

Nikmat Allah l sangatlah banyak. Tak mungkin seorang pun bisa menghitungnya. Allah l berfirman:

“Jika kalian mau menghitung nikmat Allah niscaya kalian tak akan bisa menghitungnya.” (Ibrahim: 34)

Ibnul Qayyim t menjelaskan macam-macam nikmat Allah l kepada hamba-hamba-Nya:

- Nikmat yang telah didapat dan telah diketahui hamba-Nya

- Nikmat yang ditunggu-tunggu dan diharap-harap oleh hamba-Nya.

- Nikmat yang telah didapat hamba tapi dia tidak merasakannya.

Jika Allah l akan menyempurnakan nikmat-Nya kepada seorang hamba maka Allah l akan membimbing hamba ini untuk mengetahui nikmat yang telah didapatnya dan diberi taufiq untuk mensyukurinya. (Al-Fawaid hal. 169)

Wahai hamba Allah l, diantara sekian nikmat Allah l kepada kita semua adalah dipersaudarakan dan disatukannya hati-hati kita, kaum muslimin, di atas agama ini. Allah l berfirman:

“Dan berpeganglah kamu semuanya kepada tali (agama) Allah dan janganlah kamu bercerai-berai, serta ingatlah akan nikmat Allah kepadamu ketika kamu dahulu (masajahiliah) bermusuh-musuhan. Maka Allah mempersatukan hatimu lalu menjadilah kamu karena nikmat Allah, orang-orang yang bersaudara; dan kamu telah berada di tepi jurang neraka, lalu Allah menyelamatkan kamu darinya. Demikianlah Allah menerangkan ayat-ayat-Nya kepadamu, agar kamu mendapat petunjuk.” (Ali Imran: 103)

Allah l berfirman:

“Dan yang mempersatukan hati mereka (orang-orang yang beriman), walaupun kamu membelanjakan semua (kekayaan) yang berada di bumi, niscaya kamu tidak dapat mempersatukan hati mereka, akan tetapi Allah telah mempersatukan hati mereka. Sesungguhnya dia Mahaperkasa lagi Mahabijaksana.” (Al-Anfal: 63)

Persahabatan yang dilakukan karena Allah l dan di jalan Allah l akan mendatangkan banyak keutamaan bagi seorang muslim. Diantara keutamaan tersebut:

1. Persahabatan yang dibangun lillah (karena Allah) dan fillah (di jalan Allah) adalah ikatan iman yang terkuat.

Rasulullah n berkata:

أَوْثَقُ عُرَى الْإِيْمَانِ الْحُبُّ فِي اللهِ وَالْبُغْضُ فِي اللهِ

“Cinta karena Allah l dan benci karena Allah l adalah ikatan iman yang paling kuat.” (HR. Ath-Thabarani dan dihasankan Asy-Syaikh Albani dalam Ash-Shahihah no. 998)

2. Orang yang saling mencintai karena Allah l akan mendapatkan naungan.

Rasulullah n menyatakan:

سَبْعَةٌ يُظِلُّهُمُ اللهُ فِي ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلَّا ظِلُّهُ؛ إِمَامٌ عَادِلٌ، وَشَابٌّ نَشَأَ فِي عِبَادَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَرَجُلٌ قَلْبُهُ مُعَلِّقٌ بِالـمَسَاجِدِ، وَرَجُلَانِ تَحَابَّا فِي اللهِ اجْتَمَعَا عَلَيْهِ وَتَفَرَّقَا عَلَيْهِ، وَرَجُلٌ دَعَتْهُ امْرَأَةٌ ذَاتُ مَنْصَبٍ وَجَمَالٍ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللهُ وَرَجُلٌ تَصَدَّقَ بِصَدَقَةٍ فَأَخْفَاهَا حَتَّى لَا تَعْلَمَ شِمَالَهُ مَا تُنْفِقُ يَمِينَهُ، وَرَجُلٌ ذَكَرَ اللهَ خَالِيًا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ

“Tujuh golongan yang akan mendapatkan naungan pada saat tidak ada naungan kecuali naungan Allah l: pemimpin yang adil, pemuda yang tumbuh dalam ibadah kepada Allah l, seorang yang hatinya senantiasa terkait dengan masjid, dua orang yang saling mencintai karena Allah l, bersatu dan berpisah di atasnya, seseorang yang diajak berzina oleh seorang wanita yang memiliki kedudukan dan kecantikan namun pemuda tersebut berkata: ‘Aku takut kepada Allah l’, seorang yang bershadaqah dan ia menyembunyikan shadaqahnya hingga tangan kirinya tidak mengetahui apa yang diinfaqkan tangan kanannya, serta seorang yang berdzikir kepada Allah l sendirian hingga meneteskan air mata.” (HR. Al-Bukhari no. 660 dan Muslim no. 1031)

3. Allah l mencintai orang-orang yang saling mencintai di jalan-Nya

Dari Abu Hurairah z, Nabi n berkata:

إِنَّ رَجُلًا زَارَ أَخًا لَهُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ، فَأَرْصَدَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى مَدْرَجَتِهِ مَلَكًا، فَلَمَّا أَتَى عَلَيْهِ الْمَلَكُ قَالَ: أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ: أَزُورُ أَخًا لِي فِي هَذِه الْقَرْيَةِ. قَالَ: هَلْ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تَرُبُّهَا؟ قَالَ: لَا، إِلاَّ أَنِّي أَحْبَبْتُهُ فِي اللهِ. قَالَ: فَإِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهُ إِلَيْكَ أَنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قَدْ أَحَبَّكَ كَمَا أَحْبَبْتَهُ لَهُ

Ada seseorang yang mengunjungi saudaranya di negeri yang lain. Maka Allah l mengutus malaikat di belakangnya. Ketika malaikat ini sampai ke orang tersebut, malaikat bertanya, “Engkau akan berangkat kemana?” Orang tersebut menjawab, “Aku ingin mengunjungi saudaraku di jalan Allah l.” Malaikat berkata, “Apakah dia memiliki kenikmatan/harta yang engkau kerjakan untuknya?” Dia menjawab, “Tidak. Hanya saja aku mencintainya karena Allah l.” Malaikat berkata, “Aku adalah utusan Allah l kepadamu. Sesungguhnya Allah l mencintaimu sebagaimana engkau telah mencintai temanmu di jalan-Nya.” (HR. Muslim no. 2567)

4. Cinta karena Allah l sebab merasakan manisnya iman

Dari Abu Hurairah z, Rasulullah n bersabda:

مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَجِدَ طَعْمَ الْإِيْمَانِ فَلْيُحِبَّ الْمَرْءَ لَا يُحِبُّهُ إِلَّا لِلهِ

“Barangsiapa yang ingin merasakan nikmatnya iman hendaknya tidak mencintai seseorang kecuali karena Allah l.” (HR. Ahmad. Dihasankan oleh Asy-Syaikh Albani dalam Shahihul Jami’ no. 6164)

5. Seseorang akan dikumpulkan bersama orang yang dicintainya

Dari Abu Musa Al-Asy’ari z: Datang seseorang kepada Nabi n dan berkata, “Wahai Rasulullah, seseorang mencintai satu kaum namun tidak bisa menyamai amalan mereka?” Rasulullah n berkata:

الْمَرْءُ عَلَى مَنْ أَحَبَّ

“Seseorang akan bersama orang yang dicintainya.” (HR. Al-Bukhari dan Muslim)

6. Cinta di jalan Allah l termasuk keimanan dan menyebarkan salam adalah sebab untuk mendapatkannya.

Dari Abu Hurairah z, Rasulullah n bersabda:

لَنْ تَدْخُلُوا الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا وَلَنْ تُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى تَحَابُّوا، أَلَا أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَحَابَبْتُمْ؟ افْشُوا السَّلَامَ بَيْنَكُمْ

“Kalian tidak akan masuk surga hingga beriman dan tidak sempurna iman kalian hingga saling mencintai. Maukah aku kabarkan satu amalan jika kalian amalkan kalian akan saling mencintai? (Yakni) Sebarkan salam di antara kalian.” (HR. Muslim no. 54)

Al-Imam An-Nawawi t berkata, “Makna sabda beliau: Tidak sempurna iman kalian hingga saling mencintai, adalah ‘Tidak sempurna iman kalian dan tidak bagus iman kalian kecuali dengan saling mencintai’.” (Lihat Ni’matul Ukhuwah hal. 5-13)

Wahai hamba Allah l, marilah kita jaga persaudaraan (persahabatan) di jalan Allah l, karena ini merupakan bentuk syukur kita kepada Allah l. Allah l berfirman:

Dan (ingatlah juga), tatkala Rabbmu memaklumkan, “Sesungguhnya jika kamu bersyukur, pasti Kami akan menambah (nikmat) kepadamu dan jika kamu mengingkari (nikmat-Ku), maka sesungguhnya azab-Ku sangat pedih.” (Ibrahim: 7)

Mudah-mudahan Allah l menambah erat persaudaraan dan kerukunan kita di atas Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah dengan pemahaman salafus shalih.

sumber: Asysyariah.com

Bamboo Tableware for Your Safety

2012-01-03T19:41:00.000-08:00

This is the next generation of cooking technology, it's the next genereation of tableware which is disposable, safe and environmental friendly. We present bamboo tableware. It's very easy to use as your kitchen utensil, your dinnerware or whatever you want for serving your foods. Bamboo tableware is the best choice for us. To save our earth from global warming, it's because by using Bamboo tableware as your daily cooking, and eating utensil, you have take part in reducing the polution to our nature.

This is true, because bamboo tableware produced naturally with low level polution and waste to the environment. Beside, bamboo tableware also give you the value of art while enjoying your foods. Bamboo tableware made with unique shape, but have high rank of art. Don't worry about the cost, it's cheap enough and absolutely affordable for you.

When these bamboo tableware reach its economic useful life you can easily dispose it, with no risk for damaging the environment, because the bamboo tableware doesn't contain any dangerous material. So, what are you waiting for? Don't risk your life with any plastics for tableware buy this bamboo tableware by visit this site and save our earth.!

2008

2012-01-02T19:00:00.000-08:00

2011

2012-01-02T18:57:00.000-08:00

Modern Baking Sheets

2011-12-22T01:16:00.000-08:00

Baking sheets are very important for cooking any kind of bread, cookies, and toast or roast items. As the modern technology goes by very fast, it comes to the cooking technology too. It's baking sheets made by silicone. They have so many advantades, because it's so advance in technology development of using silicone. You don't have to worry about the safety by using this silicopat baking sheets, because our scientists have developed this cooking technology carefuly.

This silicone baking sheets, give you so many benefits, cooking become easier, safer, more comfortable, and even faster than using traditional baking sheets. With this new invention of baking sheets your pans will heat quickly, and bake everything of your cookies with no burn or any dark edge in the bottom of your bread or cookies. Beside, there's no need to set up specific temperature to use this baking sheets, just bake as usual. This stuff is very easy to clean it up, if you wanna remove this baking sheets from your pan, it's very simple, just pull it gently on the sides then roll out your baking, or just a slight twist on in. More than that this baking sheets are very lightweight, so you can store them easily, because they will retain their shape, this is super easy maintenance for modern cheap silicopat baking sheets.

So, what are you waiting, for?! Just leave your ancient baking sheets, and buy this modern one. It's simple just click here and you'll get your modern silicopat baking sheets delivered to your kitchen equipments soon.

Buku Ajar Bahasa English

2011-12-06T03:36:00.001-08:00

Buat calon Guru Bahasa English nih ane punya buku ajar elektronik alias buku bahasa english berbentuk e-book. (PDF). Buku ini khusus disediakan pemerintah kita di situs resmi bse.kemdiknas.go.id. nah untuk memudahkan penggunaannya langsung diunduh aja ya?

Silakan klik DOWNLOAD nanti anda akan dibawa ke situs mediafire.com.

Nah ketika muncul button berwarna HIJAU bertuliskan download klik aja button itu dan buku yang berjumlah sekitar 178 halaman ini bisa anda baca, dijadikan referensi mengajar dan lain2.

Nah untuk mendapatkan buku2 ajar elektronik yang lainnya silakan anda sign up di http://bse.kemdiknas.go.id/ banyak sekali buku2 yang berstandar nasional dan disahkan oleh menteri pendidikan dan sah untuk mengajar, ingat,,semua bukunya gratis lho... Monggo..

Klo ada masalah silahkan comment di bawah ya? :)

2011-11-18T15:50:00.001-08:00

Keren kaan... heheheha

Audio Edit Magic

2011-10-28T00:19:00.000-07:00

Hai,,, Syaw,, ni silakan langsung di download aja ya,, audio edit magic na. Carana klik tulisan yang aku cetak tebal ini ya? klik Download untuk download file audio edit magic. Untuk menginstall tinggal di klik 2 kali audio edit magic.exe nya dan masukkan serial numbernya,

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Surat Fusshilat 19-36

2011-06-08T08:26:00.000-07:00

19. dan (ingatlah) hari (ketika) musuh-musuh Allah di giring ke dalam neraka, lalu mereka dikumpulkan semuanya.

20. sehingga apabila mereka sampai ke neraka, pendengaran, penglihatan dan kulit mereka menjadi saksi terhadap mereka tentang apa yang telah mereka kerjakan.

21. dan mereka berkata kepada kulit mereka: "Mengapa kamu menjadi saksi terhadap kami?" kulit mereka menjawab: "Allah yang menjadikan segala sesuatu pandai berkata telah menjadikan Kami pandai (pula) berkata, dan Dia-lah yang menciptakan kamu pada kali pertama dan hanya kepada-Nya lah kamu dikembalikan".

22. kamu sekali-sekali tidak dapat bersembunyi dari kesaksian pendengaran, penglihatan dan kulitmu kepadamu[1332] bahkan kamu mengira bahwa Allah tidak mengetahui kebanyakan dari apa yang kamu kerjakan.

23. dan yang demikian itu adalah prasangkamu yang telah kamu sangka kepada Tuhanmu, Dia telah membinasakan kamu, Maka jadilah kamu Termasuk orang-orang yang merugi.

24. jika mereka bersabar (menderita azab) Maka nerakalah tempat diam mereka dan jika mereka mengemukakan alasan-alasan, Maka tidaklah mereka Termasuk orang-orang yang diterima alasannya.

25. dan Kami tetapkan bagi mereka teman-teman yang menjadikan mereka memandang bagus apa yang ada di hadapan dan di belakang mereka[1333] dan tetaplah atas mereka keputusan azab pada umat-umat yang terdahulu sebelum mereka dari jinn dan manusia, Sesungguhnya mereka adalah orang-orang yang merugi.

26. dan orang-orang yang kafir berkata: "Janganlah kamu mendengar dengan sungguh-sungguh akan Al Quran ini dan buatlah hiruk-pikuk terhadapnya, supaya kamu dapat mengalahkan mereka".

27. Maka Sesungguhnya Kami akan merasakan azab yang keras kepada orang-orang kafir dan Kami akan memberi Balasan kepada mereka dengan seburuk-buruk pembalasan bagi apa yang telah mereka kerjakan.

28. Demikianlah Balasan terhadap musuh-musuh Allah, (yaitu) neraka; mereka mendapat tempat tinggal yang kekal di dalamnya sebagai Balasan atas keingkaran mereka terhadap ayat-ayat kami.

29. dan orang-orang kafir berkata: "Ya Rabb Kami perlihatkanlah kepada Kami dua jenis orang yang telah menyesatkan Kami (yaitu) sebagian dari jinn dan manusia agar Kami letakkan keduanya di bawah telapak kaki Kami supaya kedua jenis itu menjadi orang-orang yang hina".

30. Sesungguhnya orang-orang yang mengatakan: "Tuhan Kami ialah Allah" kemudian mereka meneguhkan pendirian mereka, Maka Malaikat akan turun kepada mereka dengan mengatakan: "Janganlah kamu takut dan janganlah merasa sedih; dan gembirakanlah mereka dengan jannah yang telah dijanjikan Allah kepadamu".

31. kamilah pelindung-pelindungmu dalam kehidupan dunia dan akhirat; di dalamnya kamu memperoleh apa yang kamu inginkan dan memperoleh (pula) di dalamnya apa yang kamu minta.

32. sebagai hidangan (bagimu) dari Tuhan yang Maha Pengampun lagi Maha Penyayang.

33. siapakah yang lebih baik perkataannya daripada orang yang menyeru kepada Allah, mengerjakan amal yang saleh, dan berkata: "Sesungguhnya aku Termasuk orang-orang yang menyerah diri?"

34. dan tidaklah sama kebaikan dan kejahatan. Tolaklah (kejahatan itu) dengan cara yang lebih baik, Maka tiba-tiba orang yang antaramu dan antara Dia ada permusuhan seolah-olah telah menjadi teman yang sangat setia.

35. sifat-sifat yang baik itu tidak dianugerahkan melainkan kepada orang-orang yang sabar dan tidak dianugerahkan melainkan kepada orang-orang yang mempunyai Keuntungan yang besar.

36. dan jika syetan mengganggumu dengan suatu gangguan, Maka mohonlah perlindungan kepada Allah. Sesungguhnya Dia-lah yang Maha mendengar lagi Maha mengetahui.

[1332] Mereka itu berbuat dosa dengan terang-terangan karena mereka menyangka bahwa Allah tidak mengetahui perbuatan mereka dan mereka tidak mengetahui bahwa pendengaran, penglihatan dan kulit mereka akan menjadi saksi di akhirat kelak atas perbuatan mereka.

[1333] Yang dimaksud dengan yang ada di hadapan ialah nafsu dan kelezatan di dunia yang sedang dicapai, sedang yang dimaksud dengan di belakang mereka ialah angan-angan dan cita-cita yang tidak dapat dicapai.

Safe Gas AirSoft Pistols

2010-08-06T21:27:00.000-07:00

Gas AirSoft Pistol is a replica for some people who like to play simulation shooting game, or war game advanture in a real environtment by using the safe and cool replica pistols. These Gas Airsoft Pistol uses CO2 mixed with nitrogen/high presure air to create a red gas (HCFC-22) in order to increase the dramatical effect. Beside that, these Gas Airsoft Pistols can also produce green gas which is actually mixed from propane and polysiloxane lubricant.

This gas airsoft pistol is quite safe, because it has low speed air bullet, and only penetrate the skin in a very small pressure. So, these Gas AirSoft Pistols won't make any serious wound. Of course if we obey the minimum distance requirement when shooting. It's about 10 feets from the target. If you want to know more about Gas AirSoft Pistols or you wanna buy this cool stuff you can visit this site www.airsoftpistols.ws. Enjoy the game safety with Gas Airsoft Pistols.

The Importance of Vitamins

2010-07-26T17:38:00.000-07:00

Vitamins are so important for our health, our body can not produce this vitamins so we have to gain it from fruits, vegetables, and also multi-vitamin supplement. Vitamins have so many function for our metabolism for instance, vitamins have hormone-like function, it means vitamins have specific function as regulators of metabolism of minerals. This function's done by vitamin D. The other function of vitamins is to keep our body health, to keep the metabolistism process run well, and to fight some desease.

Vitamins are provided in our nature, from plants and some animals. It's difficult to get the naturally vitamins from our environment now, but don't worry because our scientists have developed the easy way to fulfill our body needs of vitamins by making multi-vitamin supplement. This supplement available in liquid form just like a syrup, and in pills form in order to make us easy to consume it. More information about multi-vitamin supplement you can find at www.multi-vitaminsupplement.com. Keep your body health by keeping the balanced of vitamins in your body,,!

New Giant Lizard

2010-07-26T17:17:00.000-07:00

He has a penis twice as long as a great man, and lives in a densely populated area of the Philippines. But somehow the giant lizard Varanus bitatawa remained undiscovered by science so far.

Philippine Long to tribal fighters known lizard is identified as a new species in 2009 on his DNA, cups, penis size and specific, according to a new study.

In about six feet six inches (two meters) long, the new species is closely related lizard lizard in the world's largest life, the Komodo dragon. Unlike Komodo, Varanus bitatawa but become a vegetarian.

(Reference: "new fossil is the world's oldest plant-eating Lizard.")

The lizard was discovered "as an unparalleled surprise, not least their own island, Luzon, because bitatawa V." is densely populated and tidy, "write the authors of the study in the journal Biology Letters on Wednesday.

As the Giant Lizard Hid Out Of Science

The researchers suspect that the 22 pounds (10 kilograms), lizards escaped scientific detection until now because I have some reptiles studies of mountain forests have been inhabited bitatawa V..

This fruit-eating lizards are "incredible secret," said team member study and a biologist Daniel Bennett Mampam conservation.

"You can stay in this forest for years and have absolutely no idea who they are," said Bennett. "They spend all their time in trees over 20 meters [66 meters above the ground]." Comparable lizard species spend less than 20 minutes on the field every week, "he added.

(Reference: "Scientific Council lizard: Look Up").

But while scientists were not aware of the lizard, its existence is not surprising that the resident tribal members who hunt the animals for meat.

Photos of the hunters with the delicacy lizard in 2001 led the expedition team two months to find the elusive species last summer.

(Reference: "Lizards designed to withstand rapid Deadly fire ants.")

Split penis shows the way

The team of two specimens in captivity bitatawa V. and the very rare but closely related Gray lizard (Varanus olivaceus), another native Philippines.

Capture of two lizard species is crucial, "said Bennett, as it allowed the team to two monitors side-by-side to take the subtle differences that determine whether animals can represent recognize species.

More significantly, the train was observed at two ends of the penis and lizards. The shape of these reptiles is a characteristic of each species.

(Reference: "Barnacles can change the size and shape of the penis.")

The giant lizard found, "adds the recognition of the Philippines as a global hot spot and maintenance of a regional superpower of biodiversity", says the research team.

And Bennett finds it "very likely" scientists could more unknown species of lizard in the Philippines, when threatened rainforest habitat disappears before discovering available.

Amazing Whey-Protein

2010-07-23T21:37:00.000-07:00

Whey-protein is very importan for our health, this kind of protein now is being investigated by scientist. Whey-proten is a class of protein especially globular protein which mixed and they're isolated from whey itself. This whey-protein can reduce the risk from several disease, but the information about the impact of this whey-protein for human health is very little.

Guys, this kind of protein is very useful for our health, although there are only few information about it, don't worry we can find some guide about this whey protein from this site www.whey-proteinguide.com. We can know that whey-protein can produce energy, the function of this kind of protein is very different from creatine, which can produce more energy directly to our body. The other function of whey-protein is for dietary supplement. So get the more information about how we can find whey protein, what is the effect for our health and the guidance to use whey-protein, from the site www.wheyproteinguide.com. Get your healthy future..!

Found New Sun in Our Solar System

2010-07-23T07:14:00.000-07:00

Found New Sun in our solar system - the new star embryos. Space News resulted from picture captured by Herschel Telescope Caught enough to pay more attention to researchers around the world, since the telescope has successfully captured the new star of embryos in our solar system. The star can be called when the sun is the note and accurate data for the size if it was made, there are only large sun than it is already in the composition of our solar system, Milky Way, whoa be later than two days and the sun Well, strange.

According Info infrared detector, which is characterized by the Herschel Telescope in possession, may material to be covered at low temperatures, the birth to the stars or run the image of RCW 120 is assumed, the gas bubbles to explain to help as the process of a massive star is formed. WAA and the advanced technology of a man is now also the emergence of new stars embryos can be detected.

When we see the potential of the giant in the picture, looks like a white spot telescope at the bottom of the bladder. The embryo was estimated to be grown in one of the biggest and brightest stars in the galaxy of hundreds of thousands of years. Is this an article about the emergence of bright objects in space, yah?

According to researchers from the candidates as a harbinger of a big star like the sun has a mass of eight to three times greater than the mass of the sun, ten, and is surrounded by so much material. Waw can be a little off if some would be very great, the sun in our solar system alone is very large, there is another star candidate, still more than the size of the embryo.

Information on whether there is a lot of gas and dust on the embryos of the stars is a new object of this space have the potential to become a giant or large objects in the Milky Way to be, and said if this is done from the presence of new competitors Sun is the star to influence the situation of the environment.

Herschel Science stating Laboratoire d'Astrophysique Dr. Annie Zavagno the de Marseille, "It is a big star that control the chemical evolution of galaxies and the dynamics, he added, and another is a big star that heavy elements such as iron and these elements will be created in the space between the stars. And if the big stars end their lives with a supernova explosion, they inject a lot of energy in space. "

New Star Baby embryos embryos Sun, 1910 times larger than our sun and is fully formed, like the sun is at a distance of about 100 years. Whoa, if so, there are two sun in our solar system could be embarrassing if such events stronger solar storm comes again.

Flying Car

2010-04-26T22:49:00.000-07:00

A Boston-area companies plan, test flights starting this year with two passenger planes that moonlight as a car.

The move is to take a stab name, the gap between the cars and airplanes. Some people call the flying car. The company develops and sells vehicles, aircraft preference "road-term in the situation."

Anyway boiling below: You sat behind the wheel, driving the lane, had two wings and take off. You can fly tank 500 fuel - regular unleaded - and when you arrive, you can simply fold the wings and the station you want. At the end of the day, go home and fly to the park in the garage.

Terrafugia, Woburn, Massachusetts, is not the first company to try what may be the main hybrid.

"It is probably a concept that people have thought that its airplanes and cars," said Dick Knapinski Experimental Aircraft Association with a 55-year-old Aviation Group in Oshkosh, Wisconsin base.

A company called Aerocar Longview, Washington, made his debut as one of the first flying car in 1949. The company built six prototypes, one in the EAA museum, but never put into production.

Terrafugia, founded in 2006 by a group of MIT students took deposits of more than 40 transitions, and plans to begin deliveries in 2010, said Richard Gersh, vice president of business development.

The cars sell for $ 194,000.

Advances in materials and propulsion systems technologies are the reasons why Terrafugia is set for commercial success. But equally important, "said Knapinski, a relaxation of legal rules on private planes and pilots.

In 2004, the Federal Aviation Administration, a new category of aircraft and aviation sporting license, an attempt to revive interest in flying to drops and fewer pilots.

In the United States, approximately 600,000 people in planes, which are allowed, a decrease of 25 per cent since 1980 to beat, Knapinski said.

"Directed by the FAA and the aviation industry must find a way to get people interested in flying. Even today, the pilots had to fly somewhere to start with a basic level. There was a point of entry was practical and affordable, "he said.

Pilot Sport does not need as many hours of training, and private and commercial pilot licenses, but start the pilot sports are not allowed to land on the runway with air traffic control towers. The medical requirements for pilots of sport are not even less stringent than for other types of pilot licenses that the match required for a license.

"What can the FAA and the Government that this rule is that these vehicles on the same level of complexity that vehicles have," said Discovery News Knapinski. "They fly in airspace non-complex to a relatively low speed."

Regulations for the new category of sport planes will also be reduced.

"It gives us a chance," said Gersh Terrafugia. "We can never compete with Boeing and Cessna."

One of the main obstacles to a company like Terrafugia creating a plane that is not technical or even cheaper, Knapinski. It is the perception.

"Comfort is not a significant percentage of the population," said Knapinski. "They do not believe they have this kind of machine."

Maybe with a camera under the same roof as the family car will be just the thing.

First Computer

2010-01-10T05:07:00.000-08:00

Personal computers are now commonplace in most homes in the world and depends to a large extent by private individuals and companies. The discovery of this relatively new computer, will appear in our lives a bit late 20th century. The technology to build such a complex system with a powerful, not only before the removal, despite the advances in micro-electronics to create realistic vision of a single computer. Both innovations in electronics, for the integrated circuit, which was produced in 1959 and the microprocessor, which 1971st integrated solution seemed the memory circuit will contract with a managed component, reducing the size of the CPU in a single chip microprocessor .

Electronic revolution in the microprocessor, as we know, the replacement of small silicon chips that can handle thousands of simultaneous calculations, and the need for thousands of independent transistors. Ted Hoff, California, a part of Intel, the microprocessor opens new opportunities for the engine, while the processor itself large streams of data processed can almost intelligent and logical calculations supported.

The first computer systems in use in 1974, published with permission of Micro Instrumentation Telemetry Systems (MITS). Computer called the Altair and retail for less than $ 400. Altair popularity has reached incredible heights, wants to show all samples of this new machine. This leads to a series of other computer companies, or developed by the ambitious young entrepreneur. First known and reputable companies to produce their own computer Tandy Corporation, introduced its own model in 1977. This model has proved a success and became the most popular computers on the market at that time, for two main reasons. This includes the keyboard, should increase, and the CTR, including CRT monitors. Additionally, information can be stored on tape, and are also planned.

Some engineers, Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniack start your own business, which would be known as Apple Computer. The pair produced the Apple I, a microprocessor, one of the parents house garage Steve Jobs' of all places. Apple I and returned to the public and then sold to fans and amateur electronics. This leads to the formation of Apple Computer, Inc., in April 1977, the Apple II was launched in life, the world's first personal computers. This system is exclusively designed by Apple and the team including the keyboard and the color images in particular. Apple II in Retail $ 1290th

Apple introduces new features in the computer system, expandable memory, hard disk systems, improving data storage, and the color plane. Apple computers in a company that grows the fastest in the history of American companies compete with a company that was founded after the success of Apple.

In 1981, IBM offers models of micro-computer, usually called the IBM PC. The 16-bit microprocessor called desires faster and more powerful processors. In the mid 1980s, many improvements TO THE world of computers. 32-bit machine is disclosed, sufficient to power the benefits of small and medium enterprises in the district show offer.

Usability as an important objective for most computer users and development of the graphical user interface is clearly indicated. GUI, command replaces the complex access requirements, and offers a point of "simple click on" strategies. Douglas Engelbart has an "XY Position Indicator for a Display System" which is actually a "mouse", which clearly still in the modern PC standards. Now the voice recognition software to input the mouse in the league and the computer will continue to speed up the destruction of the earth, interesting ideas for the not too distant future, computers will be open to grow.

The discovery of the computer is clearly one of the most revolutionary invention ever grace the world of business.

First Telephone

2009-11-09T01:08:00.000-08:00

One of the most important inventions and revolutionary impact on modern communication was the invention of the telephone. The idea behind a simple telephone system, which converts sound into electrical impulses in the range of different frequencies, and then reverse this procedure to the media again, usually the human voice. It sounds simple, but it took many years, and a different picture to finally succeed with the inventors of the technology to be.

Demonstrated in the spring of 1831, Michael Faraday, that vibrations of metal could be converted into electrical impulses. This is the basic principle of the phone but no one of the technology until 1861, when the German inventor Johann Reis managed to find the audio device into electricity and back to the building. Camera has many shortcomings, not capable of transmitting multiple frequencies, and thus never fully developed.

The idea was to experiment by two people in the United States, which began at the same time and create what is known as the phone, developed. Elisha Gray and Alexander Graham Bell (inventor of Scotland), both of which are working hard to produce materials, and rightly ask a patent within hours of each other, Bell hit his opponent with just two hours 14th February 1876.

Although the strengthening of the diaphragm first Gray / receiving electromagnetic two years earlier, he was not able to work to produce versions of the transmitter until after Bell. Bell has been working hard, while Gray was frustrated by the tedious process of discovery.

First, understand that the phone would be between Bell and his assistant, who are placed in another room. Bell said: "Come here Watson, I want you," Watson was able to hear over the phone and ended the phone discovery. Formed Bell Telephone Company (AT & T) and was immediately in the major phone companies have.

The following year, in 1877 became the first telecommunications system in Hartford, Connecticut, during the first exchange that connects the two cities was established between Boston and New York in 1883. London hosted the first exchange is conducted outside the United States in 1879. But the system was when the exchange is dominated by large operators with a number of operators who manually switching to the invitation.

Patented the first automatic exchange of Almon Strowger in 1891 and planted in 1892, although the manual switchboards remained until the middle of the twentieth century. In 1889, William Gray has a coin-operated telephone and mobile phone manufactures in the first round of the French, Antoine Barnay in 1923 found.

Bell Telephone Company and developed a mobile phone from a police car in New York in 1924. The first commercial mobile was founded in 1946 in St. Louis, Missouri, has but for the next four decades.

System sounds, audio, instead of electrical impulses, installed in 1941, but the need to move the center to have the idea of doing much, but the Bell companies want the potential of the work of this show. When an electrical circuit, lower prices, would show the system can be used in ordinary households, which took place in 1962.

AT & T began experiments with cells of mobile technologies, mainly based on hexagonal geographical regions. Although the call from one cell to another, the communication link remain intact, automatically switching to the new cell without interference. This is the basis for developing cell phone technology in the United States in 1983.

The discovery of the phone is recognized a hot topic in the circle of the inventor and the inventor is less clear. Many believe that Alexander Graham Bell, while others believe that Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis and Elisha Gray.

Wrong Way Around Star

2009-10-30T17:52:00.001-07:00

A team of scientists has discovered a new planet orbiting in the wrong way around the host star. Planet called WASP-17, and orbiting a star 1000 light years of the WASP project in collaboration with the Geneva Observatory discovered the British. The discovery sheds new light on how planetary systems form and evolve to develop, it was announced August 12, in a paper to Astrophysical Journal, submitted.

Since all planets form from swirling clouds of gas that form stars, they are expected to work in the same direction as the rotation of the star. David Anderson, a PhD student at the University of Keele and Amaury Triaud, the Observatory of Geneva, was surprised that WASP-17 job in the wrong direction, so the first planet in orbit '`` resign. Possible explanation is that the wasp was 17 years old involved in a collision with another planet early in its history.

WASP-17 appears to be victims of the planetary system, billiard game, in an unusual orbit, with an encounter with the planet `` Bruder''geworfen. Can prevail professor Coel Hellier of Keele University said: "Shakespeare said that the two planets can not take the same path of the two kings of England was right, WASP-17 has shown that was right."

David Anderson added: "The solar system can be recreated scene of violence. Our own moon is thought to be caused only by the size of Mars collided Planet Earth, which was founded recently and debris cloud that month into a lift . A near-collision in the first intensive phase of planetary systems, may also lead to gravitational slingshot throw, WASP-17 back into the orbit.

The first indication that the WASP-17 is unusual. Although only half the mass of Jupiter, has swollen to almost twice as large as Jupiter and is the largest known planet.

Astronomers have long wondered why some extrasolar planets are much larger than expected, and WASP 17-point declaration. The distribution is highly elliptical retrograde orbit would have the highs and lows experienced intense. Place the compression and expansion would heat the gas giant planet now, very swollen size. "This planet is as solid as foam, are seventy times denser than the earth, we," writes Professor Hellier.

Professor Keith Mason, CEO of Science and Technology Facilities Council funds research, said: "It is amazing, and the victory for the WASP team. Not only are these remote and mysterious planet, but more about how the system of planets like our own solar system formation and evolution. The WASP team proved once again why the project is currently the most successful project in the world of exoplanets in transit. "

WASP-17 were 17 new exoplanets (planets outside our solar system) by the extended search for planets (WASP) discovers consortium of universities in the United Kingdom. WASP team discovered the planet with a series of cameras, one hundred thousand stars, monitor, looking for small dips in light when a planet transits to them. Geneva Observatory, and the mass of the WASP-17 has shown that the mass is entitled to a planet. The WASP-South camera array, which led to the discovery of WASP-17 feet of the South African Astronomical Observatory.

How Television Invented?

2009-08-30T03:34:00.000-07:00

TVs are not a person but a group created by employees. The basic idea is based on the photoconductivity of selenium by Willoughby Smith was actually founded in 1873. All television pictures with a digital signal representation of the period, reversing and then translated by the human eye.

January 26, 1926, showed that public television John Logie Baird first move, which will broadcast live images. A few months later, July 3, 1928, Baird demonstrated the first color. In 1923, Charles Francis Jenkins's own broadcast of the original version of the television.

Strangely, the black and white television to color television was patented fully functional. Could the reason that the inventor knew, and everybody wants to assert their own ideas.

Camarena create "Chromoscopic adapter for TVs, which provides the basis for the mechanism of transfer of color. He has a patent for color television picture received September 15, 1942 was amended in 1960 and 1962.

Electronic systems are generally based on examination of both Philo Taylor Farnsworth and Vladimir Zworykin, television broadcast mass clearly in the modern world.

The first regular broadcasts from Germany, in 1935, send a picture with 180 lines of the image. 2 years later, these lines has risen to 441 in an attempt to improve quality.

Outside the market in Germany is the first in Great Britain, 1936, in Alexandria Place. Baird system was introduced, but only work 4 months, because it contains 240 lines, while his successor, Marconi-EMI system, which contains 405 lines and provide the quality of the image larger.

It took almost 20 years before television became common in American households, as in the programming of the mid-1950s in most houses in the world, is typical.

Pizza and Robot

2009-07-26T21:52:00.000-07:00

The robots have many advantages, but when it comes to the manipulation of objects, they can sometimes all fingers and thumbs. Now, a team of Japanese engineers who are not can be a source of inspiration to the robots' dexterity: Pizza Lounge.

The robots have many advantages, but when it comes to the manipulation of objects, they can sometimes all fingers and thumbs. Now, a team of Japanese engineers who are not can be a source of inspiration to the robots' dexterity: Pizza Lounge.

"An Italian chef handles dextrously pizza in the oven with a tool called a pizza peel," said Makoto Kaneko, head of the team from Osaka University. A pizza peel is made up of a little more than a flat blade at the lower end of a long pole, but the boss to waive Pizza surprising degree. Kaneko team design a robot based on the pizza peel, with the robot, together with the control.

A pizza peel can be head with two degrees of freedom - and forth and twisting of the rod. However, in a combination of the two movements can be used, degree of freedom and play the horizontal pizza. Osaka, the team of robot "hands" has the same capacity, a robot for handling objects with precision. This study will be published in IEEE Transactions on Robotics.

Apart from the simple mechanical fingers, this approach has the advantage that none of the needs of electronic or mechanical manipulator itself. This should be done for robot manipulators that must be used with little space or difficult environments.

Nanoyarn

2009-07-24T08:53:00.000-07:00

Carbon nanotubes at the entrance to the show in 1991, visionaries and futurists have one day. The structure, heat, electricity, and this feature cylindrical molecules of carbon, which is, in theory, they can be used to build a strong structure of the unusual, like the space elevator, which is 62,000 miles Earth, or exceptional, compact and fast digital computers. In practice, however, is difficult to mass-produce nanotubes are long enough for engineers to do something extraordinary. Now NANOCOMP Technologies, headquartered in Concord, New Hampshire, tried to order the immediate future of the manufacturer, in bulk, and son of films of carbon nanotubes.

At the atomic scale, such as carbon nanotubes, rolled-up tube of chicken wire, and not just metal, the tube is made of hexagonal lattice of carbon atoms. Each tube is about one nanometer (billionth of a meter) in diameter, then the name. Today, the nanotubes are generally in a segment about 10,000 nanometers in length, black powder. This powder is only a small fraction of the properties of nanotubes. NANOCOMP said he could TEN nanotubes to a hundred times, the son of training and sheets of carbon (up to one kilometer length of wire, the best tensile strength of steel, and scores in the 18-square feet).